In this presentation, which I delivered at the Bank of England, I explore stablecoins beyond narrow banking – and what it would take to reconnect money and credit onchain.
stablecoins-beyond-narrow-banking-lombard-notes
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Giorgio Giuliani
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A systematic look at the DeFi insurance landscape, its structural constraints, and the design trade-offs shaping on-chain risk markets.
Stablecoins are, in essence, the first large-scale experiment in narrow banking. Every USDC or USDT is (or supposed to be) fully backed by reserves – cash or short-term Treasuries – sitting safely off-chain. This architecture is what makes these tokens stable, but it also sterilizes capital: every dollar deposited creates no new credit, no new economic activity. In contrast, the...
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Stablecoins, led by Tether (USDT) and USDC, now total $180 billion, with new entrants like yield-bearing stablecoins, PayPal's PYUSD, Agora and M0 trying to disrupt the market.
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A common pattern of innovation in technology is to carve out a piece of infrastructure present in a big number of companies, specialise on it, productize it and turn it into a service. This is what Amazon did with AWS in the computing space. But many other companies are trying to apply the same playbook to several other segments. For example, two years ago I presented Credix, which is...
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Bitcoin, undeniably the poster child of the cryptocurrency movement and the most important coin by market cap size, is often viewed within the crypto ecosystem as a stable yet unexciting platform with few new developments. Although Bitcoin was the first cryptocurrency, real innovation has been occurring elsewhere, notably on Ethereum. Thus, the narrative that has developed around Bitcoin portrays...